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Author  |
Itzler, Mark A.; Entwistle, Mark; Owens, Mark; Jiang, Xudong; Patel, Ketan; Slomkowski, Krystyna; Koch, Tim; Rangwala, Sabbir; Zalud, Peter F.; Yu, Young; Tower, John; Ferraro, Joseph |
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Title |
InP-based Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays for three-dimensional imaging at 1.06 μm |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Advanced Photon Counting Techniques III |
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Pages |
1-12 |
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Keywords |
avalanche photodiodes; single photon detector; photon counting; Geiger-mode APD; ladar; three-dimensional imaging; InP; InGaAsP |
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Abstract |
We report on the development of 32 x 32 focal plane arrays (FPAs) based on InGaAsP/InP Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GmAPDs) designed for use in three-dimensional (3-D) laser radar imaging systems at 1064 nm. To our knowledge, this is the first realization of FPAs for 3-D imaging that employ a planar-passivated buried-junction InP-based GmAPD device platform. This development also included the design and fabrication of custom readout integrate circuits (ROICs) to perform avalanche detection and time-of-flight measurements on a per-pixel basis. We demonstrate photodiode arrays (PDAs) with a very narrow breakdown voltage distribution width of 0.34 V, corresponding to a breakdown voltage total variation of less than +/- 0.2%. At an excess bias voltage of 3.3 V, which provides 40% pixel-level single photon detection efficiency, we achieve average dark count rates of 2 kHz at an operating temperature of 248 K. We present the characterization of optical crosstalk induced by hot carrier luminescence during avalanche events, where we show that the worst-case crosstalk probability per pixel, which occurs for nearest neighbors, has a value of less than 1.6% and exhibits anisotropy due to isolation trench etch geometry. To demonstrate the FPA response to optical density variations, we show a simple image of a broadened optical beam. |
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Publisher |
SPIE |
Place of Publication |
Bellingham, WA |
Editor |
Itzler, Mark A.; Campbell, Joe C. |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
Proceedings of SPIE |
Abbreviated Series Title |
Proc. of SPIE |
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Series Volume |
7320 |
Series Issue |
73200O |
Edition |
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ISSN |
0277-786X |
ISBN |
9780819475862 |
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Conference |
Advanced Photon Counting Techniques III, Orlando, FL, USA, April 13, 2009 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
UCF @ kdamkjer @ Itzler_2009 |
Serial |
80 |
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